🏛️ Nicaea-Juliopolis
Ruins of two merged Hellenistic and Roman cities in northwestern Turkey
📌 Fast Facts
- Located in Bithynia region, near modern İznik, northwestern Turkey
- Nicaea founded c. 316 BCE by Antigonus I Monophthalmus; Juliopolis established by Julius Caesar
- Two cities eventually merged under Roman administration
- Site of the First Council of Nicaea (325 CE), pivotal in early Christian history
Nicaea-Juliopolis represents the archaeological remains of two ancient cities that developed in the Bithynian kingdom and later became significant urban centers under Roman rule. Nicaea was established as a Hellenistic garrison city in the early third century BCE, while Juliopolis was founded during the Roman period. The merger of these settlements reflects the complex administrative and urban development patterns of the region during antiquity ...